The Department of Imports and Exports Control was established in 1969 by the Import and Export (Control) Act No. 01 of 1969 with the objective of controlling of imports and Exports of Sri Lanka. This Department plays a major role in the economy of the country as a regulatory body which is responsible for the imports and exports being subjected to a license requirement. Prior to 1977, there were a lot of restrictions for import and exports which resulted in a heavy volume of work for the Department. At present, the Department has completed 50 years of service to the nation and role of the Department has expanded from controlling mechanism to a regulatory approach (or a regulator) in the international trade, while promoting and facilitating of country’s international trade integration. Especially, with the basic perspective of  National security, health concerns, environmental sustainability and social welfare of general public. Standardization of import and export items is conducted to protect local industries, environment and people of the country. Money laundering is also controlled by implementing necessary policy frameworks together with the Exchange Control Department. Necessary steps are also being taken to control or ban critical items that has harmful effect to the environment and public security according to the International Conventions such as Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm’s. Eg. Banning of Glyphosate. Further, 2/3 of the shelf life is an essential requirement for importation of pharmaceuticals and it is a critical step that has been taken to avoid expired drugs. Import and Export Control Department has planned to implement automated computerized system link with other agencies to ensure providing efficient and effective service to the trade community. Since, Sri Lanka situated in a prime location in the Indian Ocean and mid of the Silk Road, world has identified Sri Lanka is a good trans-shipment point for international trade. In terms of the new ecomomic policies followed by China and India, it is imperative to have an advanced local policy framework in the international trade relations. Import and Export Control Department strengthen the policy protection during maintaining a good trade relationship with other countries.